Thềm lục địa là gì?

yt2bytNovember 25, 2022

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The continental shelf is a natural advantage that only coastal states have. Therefore, What is the continental shelf?? What is international law on the continental shelf?

Here, we will help customers better understand the above issues.

What is the continental shelf?

The continental shelf is the area of the seabed and subsoil of the seabed extending beyond the territorial sea of a coastal State, over the natural extension of its land territory to the outer edge of the continental margin, or basis for calculating the breadth of a territorial sea of 200 nautical miles, when the outer edge of a country’s continental margin is closer.

How to determine the continental shelf under the 1982 Convention?

The 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea defines the continental shelf as follows: The continental shelf of a coastal state includes the seabed and subsoil of the seabed beyond its territorial sea, over the entire open area. the natural extent of the land territory of that State to the outer edge of the continental margin, or 200 nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured, when the outer edge of the continental margin of the State is measured. it’s at a closer distance.

Where the outer edge of the continental margin extends naturally beyond 200 nautical miles from the baselines, the maximum width of the continental shelf of that coastal State is determined in two ways:

+ 350 nautical miles from the baseline;

+ 100 nautical miles from the isobath of 2500 m provided that the specific provisions on determining the outer limit of the continental shelf in the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea are complied with.

When learning the regulations related to What is the continental shelf? then we realize that the determination of the limit of the continental shelf is very important, because, when the land resources are gradually depleted, at the same time, the boundary between countries is very clear. the maritime boundary. very fragile and difficult to identify.

On the other hand, marine resources are also very abundant and have not been exploited much. Therefore, the determination of boundaries not only affects the security, territorial integrity and economy of a country but also of the whole region.

How deep is the continental shelf?

The average width of the continental shelves is about 80 km. The depth of the continental shelves also fluctuates strongly. It can be as shallow as 30 m or as deep as 600 m.

Legal status of continental shelf

After having an overview of What is the continental shelf? We will help readers learn more about some legal provisions on the continental shelf. Because the benefits from the sea are always very large and attract a lot of attention from many different countries, especially countries without sea.

Therefore, in order to harmonize as well as ensure the interests of the parties, countries have signed many international conventions, regulating the rights and obligations of countries, divided into the following two groups:

Rights and obligations of coastal states

+ The right to explore and exploit natural resources on the continental shelf.

Competence to conduct marine scientific research on its continental shelf;

+ Rights to artificial islands, installations and structures on the continental shelf;

The right to protect and preserve the marine environment.

Rights and obligations of other States

Other countries have the right to install underground cables and pipelines on the continental shelf. However, they must satisfy the following two conditions:

+ Without prejudice to the sovereign rights, national jurisdiction and interests of the coastal state.

+ Can only be performed with the consent of that coastal State.

Note:

+ The coastal state has only sovereign rights of the coastal state over the continental shelf (no sovereignty) on its continental shelf, this is reflected in the right to explore and exploit resources on the continental shelf. geography. continent.

This is the most important right and a privilege in nature. That is, if the coastal state fails to exercise this right, the other states do not automatically have the right to replace the coastal state, unless agreed to by that state. The right to explore and exploit natural resources in the continental shelf.

This right is self-evident, and from the outset, the coastal state need not take actual or nominal possession and need not claim it.

+ The legal regime of the coastal state over the continental shelf is not related to the legal regime of the waters above or of the airspace above. At the same time, the coastal State shall not interfere with, or interfere with, the navigational activities or the rights and freedoms of other States recognized by the Convention to which it is a party.

Legal regime of the continental shelf

– The coastal State exercises sovereign rights over the continental shelf for the exploration and exploitation of its natural resources;

– The sovereign right of the coastal state over its continental shelf is exclusive, that is, if the coastal state does not explore the continental shelf or exploit the natural resources of the continental shelf (including non-living and biotic resources of settled species) ), no one has the right to carry out such activities, without the express consent of those States;

– The coastal state’s rights to the continental shelf are not subject to actual or nominal occupation, nor are there any express claims. These permissions exist ipso facto and ab Initio.

– All countries have the right to install underground cables and pipelines on the continental shelf. The State laying the underground cable or conduit shall agree with the coastal State on the route of the conduit or cable;

– When the coastal State exploits the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles from the baseline from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured, it must contribute in accordance with the provisions of the Convention;

– The right of the coastal State to the continental shelf does not affect the legal status of the waters above or of the airspace above it;

The exercise of the coastal State’s rights with respect to the continental shelf shall not prejudice navigation or other rights and freedoms of other States recognized by the Convention, nor shall it impede the exercise of this right indefensible;

The coastal State has the exclusive right to authorize and regulate drilling in the continental shelf for any purpose.

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What is the continental shelf?

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